TRANSLATION

Wednesday, August 27, 2025


INDEPENDENCE or VICTORY

Reclaiming the Narrative of Nations

By DR SHAYA'A OTHMAN

Chapter 1: The Narrative of Independence – How Stories Are Written and Inherited

Summary: Chapter 1

The official narrative tells us that Malaysia “was granted independence” in 1957. Yet the truth is far deeper: the colonial powers did not grant freedom – they surrendered after centuries of resistance. Independence was not a gift; it was a victory. This chapter explores how the “gifted independence” story was constructed, why it continues to dominate textbooks and public memory, and why it must be replaced with the narrative of victory. More importantly, it highlights that the struggle for true freedom is not finished – because mental, cultural, and economic colonisation still linger long after the flags were lowered.



1.1 The Official Narrative: Independence as a Gift

In schools, history books often describe 1957 as the moment when the British “granted” Malaya independence after peaceful negotiations. Media and official speeches reinforced this view, creating an image of the colonisers as benevolent and civilised.

But was this truly the case?
In reality, the British withdrew not out of kindness, but because they were forced to. Armed struggles, people’s resistance, the pressure of international movements after World War II, and the growing awareness of national identity made it impossible for them to continue. They did not grant independence; they conceded defeat.



1.2 A Longer Story: Four Centuries of Struggle

Independence cannot be understood only through the lens of 1957. For over four centuries, from the fall of Melaka in 1511 to the Japanese occupation in the 1940s, local rulers, ulama, and ordinary people fought against the Portuguese, Dutch, British, and Japanese.

Heroes like Tok Janggut, Mat Kilau, Dato’ Bahaman, and countless unnamed villagers resisted occupation in every way possible – through diplomacy, teaching, writing, and warfare. Yet official history often reduces these struggles to “minor revolts,” as though they were mere footnotes. In truth, they were the heartbeat of resistance that eventually forced the colonisers to surrender.




1.3 Who Writes History?

The question we rarely ask is: who wrote our history? For much of the colonial period, history books were written by colonial administrators and Western scholars who framed the story from their own perspective. Their aim was not only to justify colonialism, but also to weaken the spirit of the colonised.

Thus, we were told we were “lazy natives,” incapable of self-rule (Alatas, 1977). We were taught that progress only came through Western intervention. And so, when independence arrived, it was presented as a “gift” from the civilised to the uncivilised.

This is not just about Malaysia. The same colonial narrative is found in Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and Asia, where the coloniser is painted as the hero, and the colonised as the grateful recipient.




1.4 From Independence to Victory

Reframing 1957 as a victory rather than independence changes everything.

  • Independence as a gift → the people are passive, weak, and dependent.
  • Independence as victory → the people are active, resilient, and triumphant.

This reframing is not just semantics. It is about reclaiming dignity. Because if we accept the coloniser’s version, we continue to see ourselves as lesser, even decades later. But if we reclaim the narrative as victory, we see ourselves as a people of courage who won against all odds.




Conclusion

This chapter challenges the official story of independence. The colonisers did not “give” freedom – they lost, and we won. The struggle was long, bloody, and filled with sacrifice. And yet, that victory is still incomplete. The colonisation of minds, systems, and culture continues in more subtle forms.

Rewriting independence as victory is the first step to breaking the psychological chains of colonialism. For Malaysia – and for every nation that was once colonised – the story of victory must be told, retold, and celebrated. Only then can we inspire future generations to continue the unfinished struggle for true freedom.




References 

  • Alatas, Syed Hussein (1977). The Myth of the Lazy Native. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
  • Fanon, Frantz (1961). The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove Press.
  • Roff, William R. (1967). The Origins of Malay Nationalism. Yale University Press.
  • Anderson, Benedict (1983). Imagined Communities. London: Verso.
  • Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib (1978). Islam and Secularism. Kuala Lumpur: ABIM.


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